![]() In 1927, though, the couple returned to the United States to live in New York. Neel's daughter, Santillana, was born on December 26, 1926, in Havana. During this time, she had seven servants and lived in a mansion. This exhibition also included Eduardo Abela, Víctor Manuel García Valdés, Marcelo Pogolotti, and Amelia Peláez who were all part of the Cuban Vanguardia Movement. In March 1927, Neel exhibited with her husband in the 12th Salon des Bellas Artes. ![]() Neel later said she had her first solo exhibition in Havana, but there are no dates or locations to confirm this. In this environment Neel developed the foundations of her lifelong political consciousness and commitment to equality. In Havana, Neel was embraced by the burgeoning Cuban avant-garde, a set of young writers, artists and musicians. Neel soon moved to Havana to live with Enríquez's family. The couple married on June 1, 1925, in Colwyn, Pennsylvania. In 1924, Neel met Carlos Enríquez, an upper-class Cuban painter, at the Chester Springs summer school run by PAFA. Neel's 1926 portrait of her husband, Cuban artist Carlos Enríquez. Neel often said that she chose to attend an all-girls school so that her temptations for men and boys would not distract her from her art. She graduated from Philadelphia School of Design for Women in 1925. In 1925 Neel received the Kern Doge Prize for Best Painting in her life class. At Philadelphia School of Design for Women, she won honorable mention in her painting class for the Francisca Naiade Balano Prize two years in a row. It is believed this influence came from one of the most prominent figures of the Ashcan School, Robert Henri, who also taught at Philadelphia School of Design for Women. In her student works she rejected impressionism, the popular style at the time, and instead embraced the Ashcan School of Realism. After three years of work, taking art classes by night in Philadelphia, Neel enrolled in the fine art program at the Philadelphia School of Design for Women (now Moore College of Art & Design) in 1921. In 1918, after graduating from high school, she took the civil service exam and got a high-paying clerical position in order to help support her parents. Her mother had said to her: "I don't know what you expect to do in the world, you're only a girl." From a young age Alice wanted to be an artist, even with little exposure to art. She was raised in a straight-laced, lower-middle-class family during a time when there were limited expectations and opportunities for women. Her oldest brother, Hartley, died of diphtheria shortly after she was born. Her siblings were named Hartley, Albert, Lillian, and George Washington Jr. ![]() Young Alice was the fourth of five children with three brothers and a sister. In mid-1900 her family moved to the rural town of Colwyn, Pennsylvania. Her father was George Washington Neel, an accountant for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and her mother was Alice Concross Hartley Neel. Life and work Early life French Girl, oil on canvas, created during Neel's time at the Philadelphia School of Design for Women from 1921 to 1925.Īlice Neel was born on January 28, 1900, in Merion Square, Pennsylvania. Neel was called "one of the greatest portrait artists of the 20th century" by Barry Walker, curator of modern and contemporary art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, which organized a retrospective of her work in 2010. This is done by depicting women through a female gaze, illustrating them as being consciously aware of the objectification by men and the demoralizing effects of the male gaze. Her work contradicts and challenges the traditional and objectified nude depictions of women by her male predecessors. She pursued a career as a figurative painter during a period when abstraction was favored, and she did not begin to gain critical praise for her work until the 1960s. Her paintings have an expressionistic use of line and color, psychological acumen, and emotional intensity. Her career spanned from the 1920s to 1980s. Alice Neel (Janu– October 13, 1984) was an American visual artist, who was known for her portraits depicting friends, family, lovers, poets, artists, and strangers. ![]()
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